in Hong Kong,从事证监会规管活动的中介机构,需按《Securities and Futures Ordinance》取得相应许可或注册。Common categories includelicensed corporation、Short-term licensed corporations and registered institutions。对于计划在香港开展证券、futures、资产管理等受规管业务的企业而言,准确理解机构类别、suitable personstandard、公司能力要求及Responsible person(RO)安排,是成功申请Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission license的核心基础。
香港证监会中介机构的主要类别
在香港获准从事证监会规管活动的组织机构,主要可分为以下三类:
- licensed corporation:指根据《证券及期货条例》第116条获发牌以进行一类或多于一类regulated activities,but a corporation that is not an authorized financial institution。
- short-term licensed corporation:指根据《证券及期货条例》第117条获发短期牌照,Can carry out one or more types of regulated activities for a period of not more than three months,但第3类(杠杆式外汇交易)、Category 7 (providing automated trading services)、第8类(提供证券保证金融资)及第9类(提供资产管理)受规管活动除外,且该法团并非认可财务机构。
- Registration authority:指根据《证券及期货条例》第119条注册以进行一类或多于一类受规管活动的认可财务机构,但第3类受规管活动(杠杆式外汇交易)及第8类受规管活动(提供证券保证金融资)除外。
短期持牌法团从事规管活动的期限不得超过3个月,实际适用场景相对有限;注册机构首先必须是银行等认可财务机构,本身门槛较高。therefore,企业在实际筹划香港金融牌照申请时,通常会以持牌法团作为主要申请路径。
General application requirements for licensed corporations
持牌法团是香港证监会牌照申请中最常见的主体形式。企业申请成为持牌法团时,Need to meet company registration、suitable person、Competence、internal control、负责人员配置等多方面要求,并向香港证监会证明其具备持续合规经营受规管活动的能力。
申请主体的公司注册要求
The applicant company must be a company incorporated in Hong Kong,Or an overseas company registered with the Hong Kong Companies Registry。该主体需具备清晰的股权架构、业务定位及运营安排,以支持其拟申请的一类或多类受规管活动。
发起人及申请人的适当人选要求
According to Section 129 of the Securities and Futures Ordinance,When the SFC considers whether an applicant is fit and proper for licensing or registration,除可考虑其认为相关的其他事项外,亦须评估申请人及在适当情况下申请人的其他有关人士的以下因素:
- financial condition or solvency;
- Educational qualifications、Other qualifications or experience,并须结合申请人拟执行职能的性质进行考虑;
- Are you capable of doing your job competently?、Conduct relevant regulated activities honestly and fairly;
- Reputation、character、Reliability and financial soundness。
这些标准构成香港证监会评估持牌法团及其关键人员是否适合进入受规管金融市场的重要基础。
business structure、内部监控与胜任能力要求
申请公司必须使香港证监会相信,It has a suitable business structure、Good internal control system and qualified personnel,足以确保其能够妥善开展业务计划书中详述的拟进行业务,并能够适当地管理可能面对的风险。
在胜任能力及内部治理方面,香港证监会已发布一系列重要指引,Includes "Competency Guidelines"、《证监会持牌人或注册人操守准则》(“《操守准则》”)以及《适用于证监会持牌人或注册人的管理、Supervision and Internal Control Guidelines"。申请公司需结合自身业务模式、Customer type、transaction process、风控体系及人员安排,建立符合监管预期的合规运营框架。
负责人员RO的配置要求
每一类拟申请的受规管活动,持牌法团必须委任至少两名负责人员,直接监督拟进行的有关活动。The official English name of the responsible officer is Responsible Officer,Often referred to as RO。
When submitting your license application,拟持牌公司需一并向香港证监会递交所有拟成为RO人士的核准申请,以供证监会审阅及决定。In the course of daily operations, licensed companies,必须至少有一名负责人员能够时刻监督有关受规管业务。
As long as the person appointed is a fit and proper person,And the relevant arrangements will not cause role conflicts,同一人可以获委任成为多于一类受规管活动的负责人员。
Relationship between Executive Director and RO
Among the two ROs,至少须有一名为《证券及期货条例》所定义的“执行董事”。at the same time,所有“执行董事”均必须向香港证监会寻求核准成为RO。
"Executive Director" means a director who is actively involved in or responsible for direct supervision of the regulated activities for which the corporation is licensed.。只要执行董事能够以令人满意的方式履行其职责并监督业务,其可居住在香港以外的地方。这一安排在实务上有利于内地管理层参与香港持牌公司的管理,并担任香港持牌公司的RO。
香港证监会会结合非香港居住董事赴港处理规管活动的频度,以及持牌公司的内部监控制度和系统的整体水平,判断居住在内地的董事是否能够胜任香港证监会对RO的尽职要求。
RO的监管角色与执业责任
RO的角色更接近于由持牌公司支付薪酬、但对香港证监会负有监管责任的一线监督人员。RO需要通过香港证监会的考核及核准后方可持牌上岗,and register to practice with the China Securities Regulatory Commission。
RO资格与RO自然人个人直接相关,而非与某一家持牌公司绑定。therefore,RO can change the licensed company he works for。在这一制度安排下,如RO在工作中违反证监会规定,可能面临被吊销牌照并失去长期执业资格的风险。
Because of this,RO通常会从香港证监会监管要求的角度,持续监督持牌公司的日常运营,确保其业务活动符合相关法律法规、操守准则及内部合规制度要求。RO也因此成为香港证监会延伸至持牌法团运营一线的重要监管触点。
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